Monday 6 December 2021

Waterproof Membrane Systems - Moisture Vapour Reduction & Substrate Wetness


When it comes to waterproofing, there are a couple of issues in particular, that more often than not, has a negative impact on construction programs and the quality of the installation; wet concrete or masonry substrates and a sometimes-accompanying high internal relative humidity and high moisture vapour emission rates (MVER). It is important that contractors understand the differences between the two moisture vapour issues to adequately mitigate any effects on the installation itself and time pressures of the project. 

Water is an essential ingredient in the making of concrete and the use of excess water to facilitate installation and exposure to additional environmental water, at times needs to be quantified to avoid installation problems with subsequent coatings or finishes. The relative humidity of the concrete is the amount of moisture in vapour form contained in the concrete and the moisture vapor emission rate is a measurement of the speed and amount of water that is released from concrete slabs. 

Where more precise humidity and moisture vapour emission information is required, standards and industry recommend ASTM F2170 Standard Test Method for Determining Relative Humidity in Concrete Floor Slabs Using In-situ Probes or ASTM F1869 Standard Test Method for Measuring Moisture Vapor Emission Rate of Concrete Subfloor Using Anhydrous Calcium Chloride, to determine the current moisture vapour conditions.

ASTM F2170 Standard Test Method for Determining Relative Humidity in Concrete Floor Slabs Using In-situ Probes (Primary Method)

This method of testing involves placing probes into drilled holes into the concrete and taking readings with a hygrometer. It is worth noting that this method is only accurate to interior concrete slabs. Generally, results of 75% RH or below are acceptable for most tile and stone application, however anything higher above this will need further preventative steps before installation begins. 

ASTM F1869 Calcium Chloride (Standard Test Method for Measuring Moisture Vapour Emission Rate of Concrete Subfloors Using Anhydrous Calcium Chloride) 

This testing method involves placing a Petri dish of calcium chloride (covered by a plastic dome adhered to the concrete) on the concrete and allowing the Petri dish to remain in place between 60-72 hours. The calcium chloride absorbs any moisture vapour that transmits through the concrete within the plastic dome. The test kit if calcium chloride is weighed before and after the testing period. The increase in weight after the test is complete will be used to calculate the MVER. ASTM F1869 will give general guidelines on MVER rates, however manufacturers own requirements take precedence. 

High MVER can be problematic to waterproof membranes. HYDRO BAN®, when applied over concrete with a high RH and high MVER rates will likely cause the membrane to blister and lead to delamination issues. As pictured right, the installation of HYDRO BAN was over a substrate with high moisture vapour, causing the membrane to blister and retard the curing process. When using HYDRO BAN, maximum amount of moisture content should not exceed 24g/m2/24Hrs per ASTM F-1869 or 75% relative humidity as measured with moisture probes per ASTM 2170. In cases where moisture content exceeds these requirements, the first option first and foremost is to allow the slab to dry and reach the required parameters. However, this is quite often the unfavourable option due to the time and cost with projects coming to a halt. Therefore, the use of a LATICRETE moisture vapour reduction product is advised to protect the membrane from the high moisture content. 

LATAPOXY® Moisture Shield, is a 2 component, roller applied epoxy coating specifically designed to reduce moisture vapour emissions in concrete and other substrates. The product is mixed on a 1:1 ratio, and rolls like paint. HYDRO BAN should be applied within 24 hours of the Moisture Shield drying. For more information and installation instructions for LATAPOXY Moisture Shield, click here

As well as substrate moisture, HYDRO BAN Slurry can also be used to reduce negative hydrostatic pressure. This is a cement based, one component, polymer fortified material that mixes with water and easily applies with brush, roller or trowel. For more information on HYDRO BAN Slurry and installation instructions, click here

For more information on LATICRETE and Moisture Vapour Emission Rate (MVER), Relative Humidity and Moisture Testing of Concrete, see TDS -1166.

Contact LATICRETE for product details and procedures - call 1800 331 012 or email sales@laticrete.com.au

No comments:

Post a Comment